Feeds for Small-scale AquacultureProceedings of the National Seminar-Workshop on Fish Nutrition and Feeds, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines, 1 -2 June 1994http://hdl.handle.net/10862/5362024-03-29T15:19:06Z2024-03-29T15:19:06ZScreening of inexpensive and indigeneous ingredients for use in practical feed for juvile sea bass (Lates calcarifer Bloch)Coloso, Relicardo M.Hipolito, Jose RoyMurillo, Deogracehttp://hdl.handle.net/10862/5512022-05-05T09:49:08Z1996-01-01T00:00:00ZScreening of inexpensive and indigeneous ingredients for use in practical feed for juvile sea bass (Lates calcarifer Bloch)
Coloso, Relicardo M.; Hipolito, Jose Roy; Murillo, Deograce
An eight-week feeding experiment with juvenile sea bass (about 15 g) was conducted in 500-1 fiberglass tanks to screen the most cost-effective practical diet for use in ponds and floating cages. Eleven formulations and one control feed were tested. Protein sources used were locally available ingredients such as fish meal, shrimp head meal, scrap squid meal, cow's blood meal, poultry feather meal, leaf meals, soybean meal, and mung bean meal. The diets contained a combination of animal and vegetable protein sources such that the essential amino acid composition was close to the requirement or tissue levels. Crude protein and fat levels were about 42% and 8.3%, respectively. Fish were fed ad libitum twice a day at 0800 and 1600 h. Best weight gain (189%) and feed conversion ratio (FCR, 1.7) were observed in fish given a combination of fish meal, shrimp head meal, scrap squid meal, soybean bean meal, and kangkong leaf meal as protein sources. This was followed by those given a combination of fish meal, shrimp head meal, scrap squid meal, soybean meal, and ipil-ipil leaf meal (139% weight gain, FCR of 2.2). Worst growth (22%) and FCR were observed in fish given a combination of fish meal, cow's blood meal, scrap squid meal, soybean meal, and mulberry leaf meal. Control fish given a combination of fish meal, shrimp meal, and soybean meal showed weight gain of 195% and FCR of 1.8. Survival was high (83-100%) in all treatments. The two diets which gave the best growth rates, survival, and FCR in the screening phase can be tried in ponds and floating net cages.
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1996-01-01T00:00:00ZFeed quality problems and management strategiesCruz, Philip S.http://hdl.handle.net/10862/5562020-06-13T12:13:04Z1996-01-01T00:00:00ZFeed quality problems and management strategies
Cruz, Philip S.
Feed is the single most important input in increasing aquaculture production and profits. Success or failure in augmenting yield with feeding depends, to a large extent, on the quality of the diet. Feed quality, generally perceived as the responsibility of the feed manufacturer, is affected by factors outside of the plant such as handling, storage, and use. Thus, the maintenance of feed quality becomes partly the responsibility of the farmer. Every fish farmer must be familiar with the nature and occurrence of major feed quality problems and able to prevent and control them. This paper is based on a farmer's viewpoint. Valuable insights are provided for the feed manufacturer.
1996-01-01T00:00:00ZEffect of a diet lacking in vitamin and mineral supplements on the growth and survival of Penaeus monodon juveniles in a modified extensive culture systemTriño, AvelinoSarroza, Janhttp://hdl.handle.net/10862/5462022-01-22T02:34:17Z1996-01-01T00:00:00ZEffect of a diet lacking in vitamin and mineral supplements on the growth and survival of Penaeus monodon juveniles in a modified extensive culture system
Triño, Avelino; Sarroza, Jan
Penaeus monodon juveniles (mean weight, 0.006 g) were reared in 330 m earthen ponds for 120 days at a stocking density of 7.5/m2 under conditions of the modified extensive system of culturing shrimps. The shrimps were fed diets with or without vitamin and/or mineral supplements. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the growth and survival of P. monodon when fed a diet lacking in vitamin and mineral supplements. The results showed that growth, survival, apparent food conversion ratio (FCR), net production, and cost of production per kg of P. monodon were not significantly different between treatments. The cost of production per kg of diet was lower in the shrimps fed a diet without vitamin and mineral supplements, but not significantly different from the rest of the treatments. The favorable cost difference of P8.00 per kg of shrimp produced would make it more profitable to use a diet that contained no vitamin and mineral supplements in a modified extensive culture system.
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1996-01-01T00:00:00ZNutritional requirements of commercially important shrimps in the tropicsBoonyaratpalin, Malihttp://hdl.handle.net/10862/5482022-01-22T02:34:05Z1996-01-01T00:00:00ZNutritional requirements of commercially important shrimps in the tropics
Boonyaratpalin, Mali
The culture of tropical shrimps has gained greater economic importance particularly among Southeast Asian countries. As shrimp fanning moves from low-input, low-technology operation to the intensive and even highly intensive scales of operation, farmers are increasingly seeking ways to achieve more efficient means of production. Feed takes up the major portion of the cost of production. It also has a significant effect on the health of cultured species. Therefore, nutritional adequacy and cost-effectiveness of feeds are critical to the growth of the aquaculture industry. This paper discusses the nutritional requirements for growth as well as for health of some commercially important shrimp species in the tropics with emphasis on P. monodon.
1996-01-01T00:00:00Z