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Intensive prawn farming in the Philippines: ecological, social, and economic implications
(Springer Verlag, 1991)
The benefits of intensive farming of the giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon in the Philippines are discussed in relation to the environmental costs. Ecological effects include mangrove conversion into ponds; use of antibiotics ...
A critical review of shrimp pond culture in the Philippines
(Taylor & Francis, 1993)
The paper reviews and evaluates shrimp pond culture in the Philippines and its ecological and socioeconomic effects. The intertwined histories of the country's mangrove forests and culture ponds are treated in depth; ...
Socio-economic impacts of shrimp culture
(Blackwell Publishing, 1997)
Farmed shrimp contributed 27% of total world shrimp production in 1995 with a volume of 712 000 tonnes. Undoubtedly, the shrimp culture industry earns valuable foreign exchange for developing countries and generates jobs ...
Mangroves and brackishwater pond culture in the Philippines
(Springer Verlag, 1995)
Around 50% of mangrove loss in the Philippines can be traced to brackishwater pond construction. The decrease in mangroves from 450 000 ha in 1920 to 132 500 ha in 1990 has been accompanied by expansion of culture ponds ...