International study on Artemia. XXV. Factors determining the nutritional effectiveness of Artemia: The relative impact of chlorinated hydrocarbons and essential fatty acids in San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay Artemia
vliz.be Abstract
Different Artemia cyst samples harvested from the San Francisco and the San Pablo Bay regions (California, U.S.A.), and suspect because of their poor nutritional performance in fish and crustacean farming, have been analysed for their chlorinated hydrocarbon and fatty acid content. These results have been correlated with survival, growth, and biomass production of larvae of the marine crustacean Mysidopsisbahia Molenock fed those different Artemia in a standard culture test. Differences in chlorinated hydrocarbon content do not correlate with differences in mysid culture performance. Fatty acid profiles reveal three groups of Artemia batches with high, intermediate, and low levels of the highly unsaturated fatty acid 20:5ω3. The production yield of the mysid larvae could be correlated with the relative level of the 20:5ω3 fatty acid in the Artemia nauplii.
Citation
Léger, P., Sorgeloos, P., Millamena, O. M., & Simpson, K. L. (1985). International study on Artemia. XXV. Factors determining the nutritional effectiveness of Artemia: The relative impact of chlorinated hydrocarbons and essential fatty acids in San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay Artemia.Publisher
ElsevierSubject
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- Journal Articles [1052]
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Article
Improved reproductive performance of tiger tail seahorse, Hippocampus comes, by mysid shrimp fed singly or in combination with other natural food
-Aquaculture International , 2015 - Springer VerlagThe brood size, parturition frequency and parturition occurrence of tiger tail seahorse, Hippocampus comes were evaluated for 180 days using single and combined diets comprising Artemia salina, mysid shrimp Mesopodopsis orientalis and frozen Acetes sp. The daily food intake of seahorse was determined with the following treatments: T1-Artemia; T2-mysid; T3-Acetes; T4-Artemia + mysid; T5-Artemia + Acetes ; T6-mysid + Acetes; and T7-Artemia + mysid + Acetes. Percent body weight (% BW) of daily food intake until satiation was similar in Artemia, mysid and Artemia + Acetes (20-22 %), but significantly higher in mysid + Acetes, Artemia + mysid, and Artemia + mysid + Acetes with 25, 31 and 33 %, respectively (p < 0.05). Single diet of frozen Acetes was least consumed at 6 %. Thus, mysid was the preferred food of adult seahorses as a single or combined diet with Artemia and Acetes. Diet treatments with single mysid or combined with Artemia and Acetes have significantly higher brood size (223-292) than the other treatments (107-152) (p < 0.05). Significantly longer parturition interval (60 days) was observed in seahorses fed with Artemia than those fed with mysid or in combination with other natural food (13-26 days), but not significantly different to seahorses fed with Acetes and Artemia + Acetes (42-45 days). Parturition occurrence in seahorse fed with Artemia, Acetes and Artemia + Acetes (2.7-4.3) were the lowest, while Artemia + mysid and Artemia + mysid + Acetes have significantly higher occurrence followed by mysids + Acetes and mysid only (p < 0.05). Thus, the reproductive performance was improved when seahorses were fed with single or combined foods including mysid. Total lipid was positively correlated to brood size and parturition occurrence, while DHA:EPA ratio was negatively correlated to brood size and parturition occurrence. -
Conference paper
Marine fish hatchery: developments and future trends
- In MRR Romana-Eguia, FD Parado-Estepa, ND Salayo & MJH Lebata-Ramos (Eds.), Resource Enhancement and Sustainable Aquaculture Practices in Southeast Asia: Challenges in Responsible Production … International Workshop on Resource Enhancement and Sustainable Aquaculture Practices in Southeast Asia 2014 (RESA), 2015 - Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development CenterThe basic procedures for producing marine fish fry in hatcheries developed for milkfish fry production nearly 3 decades ago are the basis of fry production systems for all other marine fish species that are now reared in hatcheries in the Philippines and other Southeast Asian countries. These include large-scale microalgae production in outdoor tanks, feeding of appropriate sized rotifer grown on microalgae such as Nannochlorum during the first feeding phase, and shifting to larger prey such as Artemia towards the latter stages of production. In recent years, the increasing demand for high-value species such as groupers, sea bass, red snapper, and pompano in both local and export markets has encouraged a number of hatcheries to produce fry to supply the requirements of fish cage farmers. Techniques are modified using information from research institutions and multi-national firms active in developing products and equipment to improve commercial production of these species. Larval feeds of appropriate sizes, forms and presentation for various larval stages incorporating essential nutrients, micronutrients, and feed stimulants are now available in the market. Diseases in marine fish hatcheries have become common occurrences such that various chemotherapeutants, vaccines, and immunostimulants are now available and increasingly being applied in fish hatcheries. Technological developments in hatchery systems, such as the use of recirculating systems, water pretreatment protocols (ozonation, mircrofiltration, UV light treatment) are also increasingly being adopted by commercial establishments. A critical link between fry production and production of marketable fish is fingerling/ juvenile production in nurseries. Fry are commonly grown in brackishwater fishponds to appropriate size for stocking in fish cages. Methods to improve growth through proper feeding and nutrition, eliminate or reduce disease occurrence and parasite infestation, reduce cannibalism in cannibalistic species such as sea bass, grouper and snappers are active areas of research. Nursery production is integrated with fry production in large commercial facilities but is also done by small-scale fish farmers who have access to fry either from the wild or hatcheries. Commercial hatcheries adopt fingerling production from well-studied species in developed countries. Smallscale farmers however still rely on zooplanktons collected from the wild such as copepods, Moina, mysids, and trash fish as feed. Production is dependent on availability of feed sources and susceptibility to pathogens and parasites that come with the feed. It can also be erratic since smallscale farms are vulnerable to changes in climate and weather conditions. Further technological advancement in marine fish hatcheries will increasingly be led by commercial establishments and industries developing equipment like photobioreactor for microalgae to produce algal paste, or methods to develop intensive systems for rotifer culture. Research institutions will however need to support the needs of the small-scale farmers and hatchery operators who may not be able to apply costly products from these companies by developing innovative simple techniques that can improve culture systems such as producing fry and fingerlings in mesocosm pond system, appropriate use of probiotics as water stabilizer, and production of zooplankton in ponds. -
Conference paper
Effect of tank color on the survival of mud crab Scylla serrata larvae
- In ET Quinitio, FDP Estepa, YC Thampi Sam Raj & A Mandal (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Seminar-Workshop on Mud Crab Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 10-12 April 2013, Tamil Nadu, India, 2015 - Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Aquaculture (MPEDA)The survival rate of mud crab or mangrove crab Scylla serrata larvae was evaluated using black and yellow-painted tanks. About 400,000 zoea 1 were stocked in 6 tons of treated seawater. The larvae were initially fed with rotifers and subsequently with newly hatched Artemia until the megalopa stage. The larval rearing water was enriched with a combination of Spirulina powder and frozen micro-algal products that include Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis sp. and Thallasiosira weissfolgii. After 15 to 17 days of rearing, the larvae successfully molted to megalopa stage. A total of 377,062 megalopae were harvested. Although the survival rate of megalopae was higher in yellow tanks (23.63± 0.03%), it was not significantly different when compared to those in black tanks (15.66±0.02%) (P=0.05).
