Giant clam hatchery, ocean nursery and stock enhancement
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Abstract
This manual is meant to serve as a guide to the culture of giant clams (Bivalvia, Subfamily Tridacninae). The first part focuses on hatchery methods. The second part is about the ocean nursery. The first two sections refer to selection and setting the ocean nursery site. Clam transport is introduced next although this is further tackled in the last part of this manual. Finally, the third and last part discusses the purposes of stock enhancement, survey methods for stock assessment, transport, monitoring and record keeping.
Description
A 109-page manual discusses the hatchery, ocean nursery and stock enhancement of giant clam. It also contains information on macroalgal and zooxanthellae culture.
Suggested Citation
Mingoa-Licuanan, S. S., & Gomez, E. D. (2007). Giant clam hatchery, ocean nursery and stock enhancement. Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines: SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department.
Type
BookISBN
9789718511800Series
Aquaculture extension manual; No. 37Format
x, 109 p. : ill. (some col.)
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Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
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Growth and survival of hatchery-bred giant clams (Tridacna gigas) in an ocean nursery in Sagay Marine Reserve, Philippines
Lebata-Ramos, M. Junemie Hazel L.
; ; ; ; ; ; (European Aquaculture Society, 2010)
To restore the diminishing population of the giant clam Tridacna gigas in Sagay Marine Reserve (SMR), Negros Occidental, central Philippines, two size classes [8- and 10-cm shell length (SL)] of hatchery-bred T. gigas were reared in an adjacent ocean nursery for restocking to Carbin Reef later upon reaching grow-out size of ≥20 cm SL. Growth rates did not significantly differ for both sizes and were on average 0.67 cm month−1. However, survival after 382 days of rearing T. gigas was significantly higher in the 10-cm SL clams than the 8-cm SL clams (96 and 83%, respectively). For future restocking projects, the use of 8-cm SL clams is recommended because the lower survival of this size class is compensated by its cheaper price. While rearing the clams to attain grow-out size, the population of wild clams (Family Tridacnidae) in Carbin Reef was assessed using ten 50 × 2-m belt transects. Four species of tridacnid clams have been recorded: Hippopus hippopus, Tridacna crocea, T. maxima>, and T. squamosa. T. crocea comprised 12.5–93.9% of all the clams observed in all ten transects. There was a significant difference in clam density between species (ANOVA, F = 6.94, P < 0.001), with T. crocea having the highest density. Living T. gigas were absent, but presence of dead shells was indicative of its presence in the reef in the past. It can be expected that the release of hatchery-bred T. gigas juveniles in Carbin Reef could provide future breeders that will repopulate this reef and the adjacent reef communities. -
Farming the giant clam
(Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 2000) -
Biology and status of aquaculture for giant clams (Tridacnidae) in the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan
(Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 2006)The Ryukyu Islands consist of many islands located between Kyushu in mainland Japan and Taiwan. The islands in the south-western area of the Ryukyu Islands belong to the Okinawa Prefecture. The Ryukyu Islands are strongly affected by the Kuroshio Current and are renowned for their coral reefs with high diversity of tropical and subtropical species. Giant clams traditionally have been utilized as fisheries resources for a long time in this area. According to fisheries statistics, catches of Tridacna crocea in Okinawa have decreased drastically during the last 30 years and currently are less than one tenth of previous catches. Fishing can easily deplete stocks of giant clams because the clams inhabit shallow waters and take at least three years to attain sexual maturity. Techniques for the mass seed production and aquaculture of three species (T. crocea, T. squamosa, and T. derasa) were established in Okinawa. Four hundred thousand seeds of giant clams of 8 mm shell length (SL) are supplied to fishermen for use in aquaculture or stock enhancement every year. This paper will review the (1) biology of giant clams, (2) present status of aquaculture of giant clams in Okinawa, and (3) other studies on giant clams in southern Japan.
