Effects of different fat sources on the egg quality of grouper, Epinephelus suillus
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Abstract
The effect of different fat sources on the egg quality of grouper, Epinephelus suillus eggs was evaluated. Fish in three tanks, each containing 3 females and 1 male, were fed various types of feeds namely: trash fish (control), trash fish + cod liver oil (treatment 1) and trash fish + SELCO, a lipid emulsion containing high levels of highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) (treatment 2).
Approximately 77.9 million eggs spawned from January to October 1992 by the control group, 40.0 million by fish in treatment 1, and 36.4 million by the treatment 2 group. Egg production (0.45 million eggs/kg BW) among the control group was significantly higher than treatment 2. Egg production of treatment 1 (0.06-0.36 million eggs/kg BW) was not significantly different (P<0.01) from the control group nor treatment 2 (0.02-0.30 million eggs/kg BW). Fertilization and hatching rates showed significant differences among the three groups with control > treatment 1 > treatment 2. There were no differences detected in the egg and oil globule diameters among the treatments. Crude protein and lipid levels of floating (good) and sinking (bad) eggs collected in February to March 1992, and August to September 1992 were similar in all treatments. Unfed larvae from treatment 1 survived until the fifth day after hatching while those in the control and treatment 2 groups lasted only until the third day. These results suggest that supplementation of cod liver oil and SELCO in the trash fish diet of E. suillus broodstock does not influence egg production, fertilization and hatching rates, and egg quality.
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Abstract only.
Suggested Citation
Quinitio, G. F., Coloso, R. M., Duller, A., & Reyes, D. (1996). Effects of different fat sources on the egg quality of grouper, Epinephelus suillus. In C. L. Marte, G. F. Quinitio, & A. C. Emata (Eds.), Proceedings of the Seminar-Workshop on Breeding and Seed Production of Cultured Finfishes in the Philippines, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines, 4-5 May 1993 (p. 110). Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines: Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center.
Type
Conference paperISBN
9718511326Related items
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Collection of the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides from Tinagong Dagat and Sapian Bay in northern Panay
(Bureau of Agricultural Research, Department of Agriculture, 2007)In Capiz, northern Panay, grouper catches by hand picking, hook and line, shelters, and fish corral were low throughout the year, on average 1-3 fish from each fishing operation, but higher in Tinagong Dagat than in Sapian Bay. Epinephelus coioides was the most common of the three grouper species collected; E. quoyanus and E. malabaricus were not numerous. The 882 specimens of E. coioides from Tinagong Dagat measured from 3.6 to 39 cm in standard length; the 250 E. coioides from Sapian Bay were between 1.7 and 31.2 cm SL. The size distribution showed a modal length of about 17 cm SL (21% of the fish) in Tinagong Dagat, and 11 cm (26%) in Sapian Bay. Small juveniles 2–8 cm were collected from Tinagong Dagat in January-April 1993, but not in Jan-Apr 1994. Such small juveniles were also collected from Sapian Bay in January and in April–August 1993. Groupers 9–23 cm occurred year round, but the 9–15 cm group was more abundant from January to June. At both sites, groupers >30 cm could hardly be found. Both grouper habitats experienced wide ranges of water temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen during the year. -
Assessment of grouper resources around Zamboanga City and Basilan, Philippines
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Husbandry and health management of grouper
(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation; Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 2001)The groupers (Family Serranidae) are among the most popular species in the live reef food fish industry in the Asia-Pacific region. Groupers are generally fast growing, hardy, suitable for intensive culture, and with excellent characteristics for processing. The high demand for these fishes is due to their unique culinary attributes and scarcity. In 1997, the Asia-Pacific region contributed about 90% to the total world aquaculture production. The regional production of farmed grouper was estimated at 15,000 tons, with China as the biggest producer contributing 8,000 tons followed closely by Indonesia. Other countries in the region commonly produce 1,000-2,000 tons annually in 1990- 1997. Groupers are generally cultured in floating net cages or earthen ponds, but cage culture is more common in Southeast Asia. Grouper pond production is becoming an attractive alternative to intensive shrimp culture in countries where management problems have forced growers to abandon shrimp farming. Although grouper culture is widespread in Asia and the Pacific, its continued development is constrained by the limited availability of fingerlings. Most economies, with the recent exception of Chinese Taipei, rely almost totally on wild-caught fry and fingerlings for stocking. This demand for wild seeds has led to unsustainable and illegal collection practices such as the use of cyanide to capture large numbers of seed with relatively less investment in time and effort. The inadequate supply of seed is further aggravated by the lack of appropriate handling techniques during collection, transport and storage of collected fish, and sometimes by an unregulated management of the wild stocks. There is also the lack of appropriate techniques for efficient grouper culture to marketable sizes. A major production constraint is heavy mortality of groupers during the collection and culture phases due to handling stress and diseases. The utilization of non-destructive devices for grouper collection, proper fish handling and increased efficiency in culture management can result to socio-economic and environmental benefits. A well-developed grouper culture operation complemented by appropriate wild grouper fishery management can provide sustainable employment to many people – from marginal fishers to farmers to traders. Grouper fisheries based on illegal or destructive fishing practices underlines the urgent need for habitat protection and sustainable utilization of natural resources. The objective of this manual is to provide a farmer-friendly practical guide for grouper farmers in the Asia-Pacific economies. It is hoped that this manual will enhance farmers’ ability to culture and handle grouper, as well as to prevent and manage disease outbreaks.
