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Viral diseases
(Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 2004)
Some viral infections are serious diseases of groupers causing heavy mortalities. In most cases, larval stages are the most susceptible stage. With the carnivorous nature of groupers, they can readily ingest viral pathogens ...
Fungal diseases
(Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 2004)
The incidence of ichthyophoniosis in groupers (Epinephelus) has been reported in Plectropomus sp. in Singapore and Cromileptes altivelis in Indonesia. It has also been known to infect at least 80 other species of teleost ...