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dc.contributor.authorChang, Pen Heng
dc.contributor.authorPakingking, Rolando V., Jr.
dc.contributor.editorKibenge, Frederick S. B.
dc.contributor.editorBaldisserotto, Bernardo
dc.contributor.editorChong, Roger Sie-Maen
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-15T06:56:04Z
dc.date.available2022-09-15T06:56:04Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.citationChang, P. H., & Pakingking, Jr., R. V. (2022). Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy. In F. S. B. Kibenge, B. Baldisserotto, & R. S.-M. Chong (Eds.), Aquaculture Pathophysiology: Vol. I. Finfish Diseases (pp. 291–297). Academic Press.en
dc.identifier.isbn9780128122112
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10862/6363
dc.description.abstractViral nervous necrosis (VNN), also referred to as viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), has been reported in at least 120 cultured or wild marine and freshwater fish species and has caused serious economic losses among farmed marine fish species in the past decades. Since the first description of this disease at the end of the 1980s, substantial amounts of researches have been instrumental in understanding the mechanisms involved in fish infection, development of reliable diagnostic methods, and disease prevention and control. This chapter presents some important aspects of the disease with particular emphasis on etiologic agent, clinical signs and gross pathology of the disease, histopathology, disease risk factors, virus propagation and identification, molecular diagnostics, and concomitant prevention and control methods.en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAcademic Pressen
dc.titleViral encephalopathy and retinopathyen
dc.typeBook chapteren
dc.citation.spage291en
dc.citation.epage297en
dc.citation.bookTitleAquaculture Pathophysiologyen
dc.subject.asfadiseasesen
dc.subject.asfavirusesen
dc.subject.asfamortality causesen
dc.subject.asfapathologyen
dc.subject.asfalesionsen
dc.subject.asfabrainen
dc.subject.asfadisease controlen
dc.subject.asfamarine fishesen
dc.subject.asfaRNAen
local.subjectDiagnosticsen
local.subjectNervous necrosis virus (NNV)en
local.subjectPrevention and controlen
local.subjectViral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER)en


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