Single initial inoculation of bioflocs maintains water quality in the long-term culture collection of Brachionus plicatilis
View/
Date
2025-11-13Page views
195ASFA keyword
AGROVOC keyword
Taxonomic term
Metadata
Perlihat publikasi penuhShare
Abstract
While rotifers are important first live feed in marine fish hatcheries, maintaining the rotifer culture collection by feeding live microalgae and water exchange is laborious and costly. It is therefore necessary to streamline the culture collection protocol and reduce operating costs. The use of microalgal paste in rotifer production is well documented, but there is limited information on its use in rotifer culture collection because of its ability to deteriorate water quality, such as increasing unionized ammonia (NH3). This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of bioflocs (BF) in regulating NH3 in rotifer culture collection fed microalgal paste Fresh Chlorella V12 (CV12) under zero-water exchange (ZWE) conditions for 42 days. The marine rotifers Brachionus plicatilis were subjected to six treatments, namely: (1) Nannochloropsis oculata (Nanno) × weekly water exchange (WWE), Nanno × WWE as the control, (2) CV12 × WWE, (3) Nanno × ZWE, (4) CV12 × ZWE, (5) Nanno + BF × ZWE, and (6) CV12 + BF × ZWE. Rotifer density was estimated every 3 days, while NH3 was measured weekly. Bacterial compositions were determined. On day 42, the lowest NH3 was observed in CV12 + BF × ZWE, which was significantly different from CV12 × WWE and CV12 × ZWE. Rotifer density was higher in Nanno + BF × ZWE and CV12 + BF × ZWE than in CV12 × ZWE, but egg-bearing rotifers were similar in all treatments on day 42. Single initial inoculation of BF maintains water quality by regulating NH3 concentration via the activity of ammonia oxidizer Nitrosomonas nitrosa and the bacterial groups under phylum Chloroflexota in the long-term B. plicatilis culture collection and that microalgal paste combined with BF can be a cost-effective alternative to live microalgae.
Contributes to SDGs
Suggested Citation
Mandario, M. A., Kozue, N., Wassel, M. A., Makabe-Kobayashi, Y., Han, C., Hamasaki, K., & Sakakura, Y. (2025). Single initial inoculation of bioflocs maintains water quality in the long-term culture collection of Brachionus plicatilis. Aquaculture International , 33(7), 645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-025-02271-7
Type
ArticleISSN
0967-6120; 1573-143XKoleksi
- Journal Articles [1267]
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Bioflocs-assisted mass culture of Brachionus plicatilis under prolonged zero-water exchange and its application to Pagrus major larviculture
Mandario, Mary Anne
; ; ; ; Han, Chengyan ; Hamasaki, Koji ; Sakakura, Yoshitaka (Elsevier, 2026-02)
The sustainable mass production of rotifers is crucial to sufficiently supply marine fish hatcheries. However, maintaining a stable rotifer culture is still a challenge mainly due to unionized ammonia (NH3) toxicity and biological contaminants. This study investigated the effectiveness of single initial inoculation of bioflocs (BF) in addressing the abovementioned problems on rotifer mass culture using Brachionus plicatilis subjected to three treatments for 29 days, namely: 1) water exchange (WE), 2) zero water exchange (ZE), and 3) bioflocs × zero water exchange (BF × ZE). The effects of feeding BF-cultured B. plicatilis and supplementing BF in the rearing water on the survival and growth of red sea bream Pagrus major larvae for 14 days were evaluated. Bacterial composition of BF was determined. BF inoculation resulted in significantly higher rotifer densities from day 14 to day 29 (BF × ZE with 226–434 individuals/mL vs WE and ZE with 69–131 individuals/mL). BF inoculation significantly controlled ciliate contamination (BF × ZE with 7–25 ciliates/mL vs ZE with 421–531 ciliates/mL) from day 21 to day 25. TAN and NH3 concentrations were significantly reduced in the BF × ZE than in ZE and WE treatments on day 29. P. major larvae fed BF-cultured rotifers and reared in BF-supplemented water did not show reduced survival and growth. BF inoculation significantly improves B. plicatilis productivity through the effective removal of NH3 via the ammonia-oxidizing activity of Nitrosomonas nitrosa and bacteria within the phylum Chloroflexota under prolonged zero-water exchange conditions. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the viability of BF in P. major larviculture. -
Nursery and grow-out operation for tilapia and carp
(Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 1988)Most researches conducted at the Binangonan Freshwater Station of the SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department were directed toward enhancing growth and survival of the young tilapia and carp in the nursery as well as increasing yields in grow-out cages, pens, and ponds. Studies included the culture and evaluation of phytoplankton and zooplankton as feeds of the tilapia and carp fry to fingerlings; determination of protein and amino acid requirements of young Nile tilapia; development of practical dry diets; evaluation of feeding regimes, feeding rates, and feeding frequencies ; and the use of fertilizers in nursery ponds. For the grow-out aspect, one of the earliest studies demonstrated the profitability of the monoculture of tilapia in cages which triggered the initial proliferation of tilapia cage culture by the private sector in areas near the Station. Subsequently, supplemental feeds were developed and evaluated; non-conventional feedstuffs were tested as feeds or feed components; and the growth rates of Nile tilapia fingerlings in cages at varying stocking densities were evaluated at three distinct rearing periods covering one year. Prior to the successful mass production of bighead carp fingerlings at the Station, studies on polyculture of tilapia, milk fish, and different species of carp were conducted in cages and pens with remarkable results. This led to the technology-verification projects on polyculture at various areas in Laguna Lake. With the availability of freshwater fishponds for research purposes, studies on polyculture in ponds were also conducted. -
GABA, 5-HT and amino acids in the rotifers Brachionus plicatilis and Brachionus rotundiformis
(Elsevier, 2000)γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) have been shown to increase the reproduction of the Brachionus plicatilis (NH3L strain). In the present study, the endogenous presence of GABA and 5-HT in the rotifers B. plicatilis (NH3L and Kamiura strains) and Brachionus rotundiformis (Langkawi strain) were confirmed by dot blot immunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC showed that GABA and 5-HT concentrations in the three rotifer strains range from 71 to 188 pmol/mg and from 12 to 64 pmol/mg, respectively. A total of 33 amino acids were also detected in B. plicatilis and B. rotundiformis, with glutamic acid, serine, glycine, taurine, threonine, alanine, arginine, proline, valine and isoleucine in high concentrations relative to other amino acids.
